Presentation an Approach for Placement Phase in Mapping Algorithm

The data requirements of both scientific and commercial applications have been increasing drastically in recent years. Just a couple of years ago, the data requirements for an average scientific application were measured in terabytes, whereas today we use petabytes to measure them. Moreover, these data requirements continue to increase rapidly every year, and in less than a decade they are expected to reach the exabyte (1 million terabytes) scale.. In this work, the data duplication technique has not been used by us. That’s because of increase in costs and expenses of using a cloud system.In this paper, an approach to mapping workflow tasks and data between cloud system data centers has been presented. This approach encompasses 2 phases: both of which both have been given enough input to appropriately map tasks and data between data centers in such a way that the total time for task execution and data movement becomes minimal. In other words, the goal of mentioned approach is to present a trade-off between these two Goals. Simulations have demonstrated that the said approach can fulfill stated goals effectively. Keywords:Distributed system, scientific application, application, data requirement

Mitigating virus spread through dynamic control of community-based social interactions for infection rate and cost

The emergence of a new virus in a community may cause significant overload on health services and may spread out to other communities quickly. Social distancing may help reduce the infection rate within a community and prevent the spread of the virus to other communities. However, social distancing comes at a cost; how to strike a good balance between reduction in infection rate and cost of social distancing may be a challenging problem. In this paper, this problem is formulated as a bi-objective optimization problem. Assuming that in a community-based society interaction links have different capacities, the problem is how to determine link capacity to achieve a good trade-off between infection rate and the costs of social distancing restrictions. A standard epidemic model, Susceptible-Infected-Recovered, is extended to model the spread of a virus in the communities. Two methods are proposed to determine dynamically the extent of contact restriction during a virus outbreak. These methods are evaluated using two synthetic networks; the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the methods in decreasing both infection rate and social distancing cost compared to naive methods

Influence maximization in social networks: a survey of behaviour-aware methods

Social networks have become an increasingly common abstraction to capture the interactions of individual users in a number of everyday activities and applications. As a result, the analysis of such networks has attracted lots of attention in the literature. Among the topics of interest, a key problem relates to identifying so-called influential users for a number of applications, which need to spread messages. Several approaches have been proposed to estimate users' influence and identify sets of influential users in social networks. A common basis of these approaches is to consider links between users, that is, structural or topological properties of the network. To a lesser extent, some approaches take into account users' behaviours or attitudes. Although a number of surveys have reviewed approaches based on structural properties of social networks, there has been no comprehensive review of approaches that take into account users' behaviour. This paper attempts to cover this gap by reviewing and proposing a taxonomy of such behaviour-aware methods to identify influential users in social networks

Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid Bioincompatibility and New Vessel Formation Promote Leukocyte-Endothelium Interactions in a Chronic Rat Model for Peritoneal Dialysis

Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-induced peritonitis leads to dysfunction of the peritoneal membrane. During peritonitis, neutrophils are recruited to the inflammation site by rolling along the endothelium, adhesion, and transmigration through vessel walls. In a rat PD-model, long-term effects of PD-fluids (PDF) on leukocyte-endothelium interactions and neutrophil migration were studied under baseline and inflammatory conditions. Rats received daily conventional-lactate-buffered PDF (Dianeal), bicarbonate/lactate-buffered PDF (Physioneal) or bicarbonate/lactate buffer (Buffer) during five weeks. Untreated rats served as control. Baseline leukocyte rolling and N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) induced levels of transmigration in the mesentery were evaluated and quantified by intra-vital videomicroscopy and immunohistochemistry. Baseline leukocyte rolling was unaffected by buffer treatment, approximately 2-fold increased after Physioneal and 4-7-fold after Dianeal treatment. After starting fMLP superfusion, transmigrated leukocytes appeared outside the venules firstly after Dianeal treatment (15 minutes), thereafter in Physioneal and Buffer groups (20-22 minutes), and finally in control rats (>25 minutes). Newly formed vessels and total number of transmigrated neutrophils were highest in Dianeal-treated animals, followed by Physioneal and Buffer, and lowest in control rats and correlated for all groups to baseline leukocyte rolling (r = 0.78, P < 0.003). This study indicates that the start of inflammatory neutrophil transmigration is related to PDF bio(in)compatibility, whereas over time neutrophil transmigration is determined by the degree of neo-angiogenesis